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996 is the internal designation for the Porsche 911 model manufactured with first model year 1997 and last 2004. It was replaced by the Type 997 in model year 2005. The 996 had little in common with its predecessor, with the first new chassis platform since the original 911 and a new water-cooled engine. Technically, it was a major change, a complete breakaway from the original car other than overall layout. Development was shared with the earlier Boxster including the entire front end and front suspension, much of the interior, and the engine was an enlarged development of the Boxster unit. However the multi-link rear suspension, derived from the earlier 993, was different. At its debut, the 996 featured the most significant change from the classic 911 series, a water-cooled engine replacing the previously air-cooled engine. Progressively stringent emissions and noise regulations, environmental concerns, a higher expectation for refinement and a high-performance 4 valve per cylinder engine made the switch necessary. Other major changes include a completely new platform having a sleeker body with a more raked windshield, and re-designed interior. ==Design== The Porsche 996 was a new design by Pinky Lai; the first new 911 that was completely redesigned, and carried over little from its predecessor. All new body work, interior, and the first water-cooled engine in a 911. The 996 replaced the 993 from which only the front suspension, rear multi-link suspension, and 6 speed gearbox were retained in revised form. The first 996s were available as a coupé or cabriolet (Convertible) initially with rear wheel, or later, with four-wheel drive, and a 3.4 litre flat-6 normally aspirated engine producing 296 bhp (224 kW). The cars had the same front end as the Boxster and Carrera owners complained long and loud about the "lower priced car that looked just like theirs did", hence the headlight change for the Carrera in 2002. The design for these headlamps could be traced back to the Porsche Panamericana concept car. In 2000, Porsche introduced the 996 Turbo, equipped with four-wheel-drive and a 3.6 litre, twin turbocharged and intercooled flat-six producing 420 bhp (309 kW), making the car capable of 0 to 60 mph in 4.2 seconds. An X50 option which included larger turbochargers and intercoolers along with revised engine control software became available from the factory in 2002, increasing power to 450 hp (336 kW). (Porsche produced a Turbo S in 2005, which also had the x50 option with 450 bhp, with the formerly optional Carbon fibre-reinforced Silicon Carbide (C/SiC) composite ceramic brakes (PCCB) as standard.) In 2001, horsepower on the base Carrera model was increased by 4 bhp to 300 bhp. In 2002, the standard models underwent minor re-styling, which included switching to the Turbo-style headlamps and to a new front fascia. These were sometimes known as the Mk2 generation of the 996, or the 996.2. In addition, engine capacity was also increased to 3.6 litres across the range, yielding gains of 15 horsepower for the naturally aspirated models. 2002 also marked the start of the production of the 996 based Targa, with a sliding glass "green house" roof system like its Type 993 predecessor. Also in 2002, Carrera 4S model was first introduced. The C4S as it is commonly called, shares the wide-body look of the Turbo as well as the brakes and suspension.〔http://books.google.com/books?id=RaanuEGHWuwC&pg=PA35&lpg=PA35&dq=2001+carrera+4+last+narrow+body&source=bl&ots=FgT4Sz8T5L&sig=6X17pKWqc71LyEqZ0XqIA4fK0uc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lPn8UtuRLoaD2AXfhYG4BA&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=2001%20carrera%204%20last%20narrow%20body&f=false〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Porsche 996」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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